Physical Sciences and Engineering

Optimization methods are designed to provide the ‘best’ values of system designand operating policy variables – values that will lead to the highest levels of system performance. These methods, combined with more detailed and accurate simulation methods, are the primary ways we have, short of actually building physical models, of estimating the likely impacts of particular water resources system designs and operating policies. Many of the optimization methods used in practice incorporates concepts from engineering economics.

Intelligent Control emulates the human intelligence and achieves automation in various areas of Engineering.Intelligent Controls have been used mainly in the areas of Electrical Systems; Machine Intelligence based systems like Robotics. Intelligent Control has been active in various industrial and engineering applications. There is active research in applying Intelligent Controls in distributed computing systems like web based environments. The advent of internet has changed the business models for the service providers and consumers.

The co-operative communication is a cellular network and it is used to reduce the energy consumption in Mobile Terminals. But it is difficult to implement, because it has some problem for paying incentives to the mobile terminals in co-operative communication. Here pricing mechanism is introduced to pay the credits for the helping mobile terminals to upload the data to the source mobile terminal with the help of co-operative communication.

The only way to teach language is by creating environment which will make the development of the target language easy to master by the learners since it has been said that language cannot be taught (Dana et al., 2013). Writing is the most difficult of the four language skills and it is not easy to acquire especially in second language situation.

Near Field Communication (NFC) is a short range remote correspondence innovation, which works in the guideline of attractive acceptance. A little electric current is made by per user that thus makes an attractive field in the physical between the gadgets. A tag gets empowered from the field. NFC labels are fit for store information in it and are either perused just or rewriteable. Due to its protected nature used to store individual information, for example, plastic and Visa data, PINs and systems administration contacts.

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar responsabilidade na aplicação dos requisitos de segurança do trabalho em altura em instalações elétricas de média tensão, conforme a Norma Regulamentadora nº 35 (NR-35) – Trabalho em altura. Os trabalhos realizados nas instalações elétricas, seja na baixa, média, alta ou extra-alta tensão, tem havido uma evolução com relação à execução das tarefas, para torna-lo mais seguro, não só para o trabalhador, mas também para todos os envolvidos, sendo que nos primórdios quase não existia essa preocupação, o que gerava muitos acidentes de trabalho.

Virtual Learning Environments (VLEs) Provide online interaction of various kinds which can take place between learners and tutor, including online learning when the student and lecturers are in different places but in the same time. However, the effectiveness of the approach still debated among scholars from different discipline on how this method could improve the Domain of Learning development among student especially in Higher Learning Institution (HLI).

Recent climatic changes are posing great threat to natural resources and biodiversity worldwide and the threat is particularly eminent in Sub-Saharan Africa, urging for better adaptation interventions. In turn, in this study, we explored the drought pattern in Sudan and South Sudan for the period between 1961 and 2013. Consistent with several recent studies those characterized drought patterns; we used the Standardized Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) of drought to explore possible drought events in two countries Sudan and South Sudan over the last 53 years.

Num mundo altamente globalizado, com cenário de rápidas mudanças, cheias de tomadas de decisões num ambiente nebuloso, a função do líder é singular. Um líder que queira ter uma equipe comprometida, com os objetivos e metas da organização, terá que utilizar de ferramentas práticas do coaching para engajar todos da equipe, com isso, estarão motivados para alavancar as ações da organização, podendo aumentar os lucros e perpetuar-se neste cenário altamente competitivo.

Remote user authentication is of concern in wireless communication networks. This paper proposes a novel remote user authentication scheme based on Euclidean geometry in conjunction with smart card. The proposed scheme preserves user's anonymity while withstanding the following security breaches: resistance to forgery attacks, resistance to replay attacks, resistance to password guessing attacks. In addition, a user can choose and change his password freely.