April 2016

An important disease that is economically important among the dairy cattle is mastitis. Its control is somehow complicated by high standard resistance to antibiotics. Hence, there is alternative way to control bacterial infection and contamination by phage therapy. In the present research we checked the effect of temperature and pH on the stability of bacteriophage against staphylococcus aureus causing mastitiswhich is isolated from the sewage water of dairy farm. The bacteriophage showed lytic activity against these bacteria. The lytic activity of bacteriophage at varying temperature and pH established their stability range while their highest lytic activity was observed at 37 C and pH 7.0. The storage condition of -20 C was proved to be best for the phage. The phage efficiently reduced bacterial growth in the bacterial reduction assay.So it signifies the underlying potential of bacteriophage therapy.

Aims & Objective: To identify the risk factors for third and complete perinear tears,treatement and follwup of patients and recommendations for Prevention of perineal tears. Material & Methods: Study was conducted in Santhiram medical college from may 2014 to nov 2015 25cases of vaginal delivery with third & complete perineal tears were selected 21 cases were refer to our institution delivered somewere else and 4 cases were from our institute which our third degree perineal tears occurred due to instrumental delivery. All the cases were examined and differentiated into two groups. group 1 with third degree perineal tear and group 2 complete perineal tear.cases which are referrd with in six hours of delivery received Intravenus antibiotics and suturing was done immidiatly by layer techniq with end to end anastomosis.post operatively antibiotics were continued patients were discharged on 6 postoperative day. Patients presented late after 24 hours were advised to wait for 3 months post partum and later taken up for repair.All the patients are followed 2 weeks & 8 weeks after repair. Results: In our study common risk factor for perineal trauma was instrumental delivery ,big baby anemia and pro longed labour in addition primiparity is also arisk factor.Others risk factors being face to pubis delivery ,breech presentation and shoulder dystocia.There was no influence of age ,epidural anesthesia and medio lateral episiotomy in our study Conclusion: Identifying the risk factors ,preconceptional care,regural antenatal check ups identification and treatment of risk factors in antenatal period ,proper intrapartum care should be given to prevent occurrence of perineal trauma. Public education in mass media should be encouraged.

The number and variety of technologies used in teaching and learning has increased exponentially. One of the myriad impacts of these advances on the world is increasing interest in learning foreign languages. However, despite the importance of new technologies and learning tools, some other factors have also had a tremendous impact on teaching and learning. For example, the development of new learning strategies has been a key factor; learning strategies play a key role in learning a foreign language. In this review paper, the author has outlined a map to implement those strategies. Methodologies to define, classify, and employ language learning strategies (LLS) have been highlighted through the use of examples, as has how these strategies are affected a number of factors. Language learning strategies vary from learner to learner depending on their backgrounds, culture, and learning styles. The role of the teacher in implementing these strategies is also discussed. Finally, we examine the concerns a teacher needs to consider while teaching language-learning strategies. The author of this paper has highlighted his personal reflection on the use of language learning strategies for learning English as a foreign language in one of the Middle Eastern countries.