Social Sciences and Humanities

The obligation of assistance to citizens provided by the state is only for citizens with a 15-year criminal sanction or the death penalty for people who are less capable and a threat of 5 years or more for other communities as indicated in Article 56 of Law No. 8 of 1981. Restrictions on access to legal assistance as meant in Article 56 of the Criminal Procedure Code will place the state in a discriminatory position against the right of legal assistance to citizens and the state's obligation to provide legal assistance.

The arrangement of the trial in absentia is the Corruption Crime Act (PTPK Law) with the concept of examination in court cases of corruption without the presence of the accused. The press point in absentia is saving state wealth, so it needs to be balanced with a comprehensive and integrated asset grab mechanism with other arrangements both domestically and internationally. However, in reality it was used as an opportunity for perpetrators of corruption to not return the corrupted state money.

This study explores the concept of children’s perception toward activities. The study took place at a nursery setting in Hull in the UK. The paper begins by explaining the meaning of children’s voices, and the many ways to tune to these voices which can lead to production of desirable outcomes for children in general. It then goes on to clarify the various ways to communicate with children that allows for their participation and free expression of children’s opinions, feelings etc.

Teaching competence and classroom management strategies enhance a teacher’s capability to establish and promote an environment that is impartial, accepting, and understanding of diverse students, ideas, circumstances, and experiences. The quest for associating these factors to students' performance has been verified to be crucial in maintaining high standards and implementing best strategies in all classrooms.

This paper looked at Distance Education and Human Resource Development in Nigeria. It examined the history of distance education in Nigeria and its features. It also examined the benefits of distance education as well as its problems. It suggested various ways in which distance education can be improved in Nigeria in order to achieve a large quantum of human resource development, then the conclusions.

The rising compressed sensing (CS) trend will scale back the amount of sampling rates that can match with the degree of knowledge gathered, which suggests that the redundant knowledge is rarely nonheritable. It enables it to design complete and new applications with less number of resources needed in the trend that is directed toward Internet of things (IoT). CS and data reconstruction mix the independent recovery software and sensing to be represented as sparse signal that has a new trend to sample signal and data in info systems.

The concept of space is one that varies from one cultural context to another. Space is an identity of a geographical terrain created by the human beings as a part of their life activities. The concept of sacred is the part of the broader idea of space. It is multi- dimensional in its form and content. In India there are so many famous sacred centers, which are known as a part of Itihasas and Puranas. The Bhakti literature contains the hymns of several deities in Tamil language. The sacredness of Tirunavaya can be traced from the Bhakti movement onwards.

Podcasting being a simple process of capturing audio events, speech or mix of sounds into a digital sound object has paved different creative ways of practicing language skills. It has a wide acceptance in English language field as a teaching and a learning tool. The paper analyses a study about podcasting, conducted at Arab Open University with Foundation level-2 language students. Students were given a project of producing their own storytelling podcast using the software Audacity.

The present paper examines a study on socio-economic conditions of the tribal people in Bandipura national park. The present study has been analyzed the socio-economic characteristics of the tribal people of the Bandipur National Park and their sustainable livelihoods. The economics conditions of the tribals in the study region, while most of the farming tribal households (57 per cent) earn less than Rs. 15,000 from the farming enterprises, about 14 per cent earn variously from Rs. 15,000 to Rs. 25,000, with only 2.2 per cent of them earning more than Rs. 25,000 from farming.

Humic substances act as a chelating agent for metal ion extraction. Soluble humic substances (HS) might be an alternative to use instead of synthetic chemicals such as mineral acid or EDTA. These natural extractants are less expensive, biodegradable, environment friendly, less destructive to soil structure and also improve soil properties. Two peat soils were collected one from Khulna University campus and another from Gopalganj basin. Humic substances were extracted from peat soils.