March 2022

Aim: The central aim of this research was to investigate people’s practice of sanitation and personal hygiene, prevalence of diarrheal diseases and to suggest ways of reducing the incidence of these diseases in the community. Methods: To achieve these objectives two methods (interview and observation) were used to study the problem so that the strength of each method could conquer the deficiencies of a single method studies. The entire study was conducted between May and July 2017. Results: The result of the findings revealed that more than half of the respondents in the study area have a good sanitation condition and the prevalence of diarrhea was 37.3%. Conclusion: From the study, it can be seen that people’s observance of sanitation and personal hygiene in the study area was generally good. The prevalence of diarrhea was high in the study area. Hence the needs to further improve the sanitation condition of the study area.

Background and Objectives: Man’s health is determined by some factors which play a leading role in making man what he is, these conditions are social, economic, political, natural, manmade and environmental factors. The main aim of this research was to investigate people’s access to quality water supply and the common bacteria found in the stored drinking water of household in the study area. Methods: To achieve these objectives an Experimental Design (laboratory study) was adopted, water samples were collected from 100 households in target communities. Physicochemical and microbial analysis of the water samples was carried out at the Plateau State Water Board (Laminga Treatment Plant). The physicochemical analysis carried out included; pH, Color, Turbidity, Total hardness, Total alkalinity, Electrical conductivity, Total dissolved solid, Test for water elements like; Calcium, Chloride, Iron, Fluoride, Magnesium, Manganese, Nitrates, Potassium and Sodium. For the microbial analysis, Total coliform bacteria were used as indicator to detect the presence of pathogens. Results: The result showed that for all the parameters the mean values fall within the acceptable ranges with the exception of Turbidity and Microbial analysis. The Microbial analysis showed that most water samples have high microbial load which exceeds the maximum permitted level of 10cfu/100mls. Conclusion: From the study, it can be seen that the water samples were turbid and contain high concentration of total coliform. Hence the needs to further improve the sanitation and general health of the people.

Heart failure is a complex clinical syndrome in which structural or functional cardiac disorders result in an impaired cardiac function causing symptoms that vary according to the underlying pathology of heart failure. Patients with heart failure are often challenged by the loss of independence and compromised functional abilities associated with the symptoms. This is why comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation including supervised exercise is advised. Indeed, the favorable effects of exercise training in chronic heart failure are widely recognized and exercise training is recommended in international guidelines. However, the application early exercise intervention in patients hospitalized for acute decompensation or acute worsening in cardiac function has not been sufficiently explored and, as a result, knowledge about the effects of exercise training in the inpatient setting of acute HF remained limited regardless of the research efforts made in this area. For this reason, this work aimed at reviewing and collecting previous literature to support the effectiveness and the safety of early mobilization in this patient group.

In order to introduce the planting and cultivation of Bougainvillea spectabilis in Jianghan area, domesticate the varieties that can adapt to the climate of Jianghan plain, improve the market competitiveness of B. spectabilis and make it more widely popularized. A comparative experiment on overwintering cold resistance was carried out with six Bougainvillea varieties introduced from Yunnan, China. By comparing the freezing injury degree of B. spectabilis under indoor and outdoor environmental conditions and measuring the physiological indexes such as electrical conductivity, soluble sugar content, soluble protein content, catalase activity and peroxidase activity of its leaves. The experimental results revealed that: under the same management conditions, Yunnan Purple bougainvillea suffered the least degree of freezing damage and could successfully overwinter, while other varieties suffered more damage. The comprehensive evaluation shows that Yunnan Purple and Green Leaf Orange have strong cold resistance. Except for Yunnan Purple bougainvillea, which can survive the winter smoothly outdoors in Jianghan Plain, other varieties are difficult to survive.

This study conducted to investigate This study conducted to investigate the effect of kinesiotape on pain and disability in postpartum women who suffering from coccydynia. Forty women suffering from postpartum coccydynia, their age ranged from 25 to 35 years old, also their body mass index (BMI) ranged from 25- 35kg/m2. They were selected from outpatient clinic of Gynecology department of Kasr El Ainy University Hospital, duration of the study was 6 months, from January to May 2021. All women were randomly divided into two groups equal in number (20 for each); group A (Study group): received traditional medical treatment consists of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (ketoprofen-25 mg tablets twice daily) in addition to kinesiotaping on coccygeal region, once per day, 3 days per week for four week. While, group B (Control group) received traditional medical treatment consists of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs only (ketoprofen-25 mg tablets twice daily). Pain intensity level was evaluated by visual analogue scale and Oswestry Disability Questionnaire Index was used to assess disability level. A statistically significant decrease in pain intensity and statistical significant improvement in functional performance levels in the study and control (P < 0.001) was observed in the findings of this study, but when compared between results of the two groups, we found that the study group (A)displayed a statistically significant decrease in pain (P=0.001) and statistically significant improvement in functional performance level (P=0.0001) than control group (B), which treated by traditional medical treatment only. Finally, based on the obtained results of this study, adding kinesiotape to the postpartum coccydynia treatment produced a statistically significant improvement in physical performance.So,kinesiotapingshould be considered an adjunctive treatment method for postpartum coccydynia.

In the year 2001 Prince Lord Prof. Momtchil DObrev developed the Theory of the mafia and Theory of corruption. All the both theories has been developed by analyzing the mafia and the corruption all over the World, Bulgaria, Germany, European Union, and other countires. In the year 2010 Prince Lord Prof. Momtchil Dobrev developed the ‘Theory of Mafiotismus’ as a new type of government oriented solely in the private interests of individuals and private institutions and the Financial Banking resource technological mafia-driven MATERIALISMUS- the private Capitalism of the DEEP MAFIA. Based on their scientific practical work and International rating organization gave to the Prince Lord Prof. Momtchil Dobrev-Halachev the award WORLD CHAMPIONSHIP 2019 IN ECONOMICS/FINANCE – and named him “ The Father of the modern Finance”.

Introduction: To compare between the effect of aerobic exercise and yoga on depression in breast cancer women. Methods: Overall, 40 breast cancer women suffering from depression, aged 25-45 years, were divided randomly into two groups equal in number. Group A (n=20) received aerobic exercise, while group B (n=20) received yoga. Both groups received 24 sessions over an eight weeks’ period. Depression was evaluated pre and 8 weeks post intervention for all participants with Zung Self-Rating depression Scale. Results: there was a statistical significant decrease in the mean values of depression score in both groups: aerobic exercise and Yoga groups (p value <0.001) with percentage of improvement of depression score was higher in groups A (27.2%) versus in group B (17.48%). There was no statistically significant difference (p>0.05) between the groups (pre intervention) but post intervention there was significant improvement in depression in favor to the aerobic exercise group. Conclusion: Physical exercise and yoga are effective supportive interventions in managing depression in breast cancer patients. In addition, physical exercise was found to be superior to yoga in relieving depression.

The aim of this study was to assess the occurrence of bacterial contaminants in fingernails of food vendors in three selected markets of Gboko Local Government Area, Benue State, Nigeria. A total of thirty (30) nail samples were collected from food vendors, 10 samples from each market using new razor blade for each subject. Standard laboratory procedures were carried out on nail samples including inoculation, cultural characterization, microbial count and biochemical identification of bacteria. Data collected were analysed on the Minitab (17.0) software for appropriate descriptive and inferential statistical tools at 95% level of confidence (P≤0.05). Six species of bacterial contaminants isolated from fingernails of food vendors were: Proteus spp., Klebsiella spp., Bacillus spp., Staphylococcus spp., Salmonella spp. and Shigella spp. Total occurrence of contaminants (TOC) at Ortese, Gboko main and Tsekucha markets was 20 (33.3%), 26 (43.3%) and 16 (26.7%) respectively. The highest occurring bacteria were Klebsiella spp. (60%) and Bacillus spp. (60%) isolated from Gboko main market and Ortese market vendors respectively. Bacillus spp had the highest prevalence of 53.3% followed by Proteus and Klebsiella species (43.3% each). Staphylococcus and Shigella species had prevalence rates of 26.7% each while and Salmonella spp. had the lowest prevalence (13.3%). Nail contamination was significantly associated with the type of bacteria species (χ2 = 28.4, P<0.05). Gboko main market had the highest level (43.3%) of bacterial contaminants followed by Ortese market (33.3%) and Tsekucha market (26.75). Tsekucha had the highest mean TVC (Total Viable Count) of 174.2±9.63 closely followed by Ortese market (173.4±12.8) and Gboko main market (163.0±9.9). The highest TVC recorded was observed in a sample from Ortese market (261 cfu/ml). Result showed that fingernails of food vendors in three markets were highly contaminated based on all parameters reported above. The information provided is important to stakeholders in the public health sector saddled with the responsibility of disease prevention and control.