August 2016

The study investigated both institutional and technical factors that act as constraints to marketing of peaches in Lesotho. A semi-structured interview schedule was used as a data collection tool in this study and thirty respondents were selected using pilot survey. Both descriptive analysis and multinomial logistic regression model were used for data analysis. The results showed that expertise on grades and standards, storage facilities, value adding and contractual arrangements as major constraints towards peach marketing in Lesotho. Moreover, it was found that 90% of interviewed peach farmers in Lesotho prefer selling their produce in informal market outlets with an intention of reducing transportation costs. For peach farmers to sell their produce even in formal market outlets, it is therefore recommended that they form cooperatives or combine their produce when marketing so as to overcome the problem of transportation which is usually associated with high costs. Also, workshops on universal grading and standards should also be conducted for producers.

The purpose of this project was to identify the factors constraining agribusiness growth in the Maseru district. Primary data from 10 owners/managers of agribusiness enterprises were selected for the study, and were analysed using descriptive analysis and empirical probit models. The results indicate that majority of the respondents were females (60%), aged between 40-49 years (50%), majority of the forms of agribusiness enterprises were sole-trade enterprises. The results also showed that majority (70%) had secondary education. Parameter estimates from the empirical probit model showed market access, credit access, technology, and business plan have an impact on the growth of agribusiness in the Maseru district. Moreover, the results indicated that infrastructure and culture have no impact on the growth of agribusiness in the Maseru district. The paper recommends that access to markets should be addressed by appropriate intermediary and private institutions interface with growing agribusinesses, short courses should be provided to owners/managers, andprovision of support through training activities, and business counselling to the owners/managers

This article attempts to find out the understanding and benefits of ablution contained in the Prophet Muhammad hadith. The writers used a method of documentation, for instance, finding data on things or variables such as notes, books of hadith, fiqh books, books on health through ablution, and other books that are related to the research title. The purpose of this study is to provide an understanding about ablution (wudu), obligation for wudu before prayer, the benefit of ablution for Muslims’ health, as well as ablution is the prevention of various diseases. The results showed that; (1) The definition of ablution has been studied in depth approach to the science of fiqh, hadith, and medical; (2) It has been argued the benefits of ablution are in worship, cleanliness, and for the health of Muslims; (3) It has islamic laws of ablution in worship, especially the obligatory prayers and the prayers recommended by the Sunnah of Prophet Muhammad. The implications of this study are; (1) understanding the meaning of the ablution properly; (2) understanding that an ablution used as a cleaning tool that can wash the dirt, filth, and, both large and small impurity; (3) ablution can prevent all kinds of skin diseases or cancer, moreover, it can be more understood about the legal position of ablution in worship to Allah.

The aim of the study is to assess the level of awareness of HPV vaccine and infection among the Indian women.The survey is conducted to evaluate participants own interest and barriers towards HPV vaccination and prevention of cervical cancer .The objectives of this study is to impart knowledge regarding cervical cancer and the vaccines available for it. To evaluate the acceptability of HPV vaccination among women in India.Human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccines are vaccines that prevent infection of certain types of human papilloma virus.Available vaccines protect against either two, four, or nine types of HPV.All vaccines protect against at least HPV 16 and 18 which cause the greatest risk of cervical cancer.More than any other cancer, cervical cancer reflects striking global health inequity. It is the second most common cancer among women worldwide. This survey is targeted to make the women aware of the HPV vaccine which is available in India.

Aim: To assess the effect of Neurobics and Sanskar Remodelling in Diabetic management by, blood sugar, WHO-QOL and body mass index studies through an interventional study. Method: This was a intervention, nonrandomised , pre and post study, conducted in the Department of Physiology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Wardha. The period of study was 1 year and study participants were diabetic patients and diabetic with hypertension patients aged between 15-90 years including both sexes. This was a non probability purposive sampling study. 210 patients were recruited and only 63 were eligible for the study group. This control group of 57 was selected from population. Blood sugar, body mass index was studied in both the groups. Result: There was a statistically significant fall in BMI, FBS, PPBS in between the pre & post test findings of study group. A statistical significance was seen on comparison between two groups.. WHO-QOL-Bref was used to analyze the 4 domains. This study showed that intervention used for the study group caused improvement in all the 4 domains. These findings were statistically significant. Conclusion: We conclude that Life style modification programme used in our study like Neurobics and Sanskar –Remodelling can be used in the management of diabetes along with routine medications.

In the present article, we introduce a Health Education instrument that stems from a refection on the lay knowledge, salutogenic habits and daily nutritional practices of modern women in our current society. We developed a guide aimed at modern women, where the different food groups and food hygiene and safety measures are addressed. The guide includes eleven original pictograms that help the reader to locate and look up specific issues. The guide employs the label reading and interpretation principles, following the nutrition traffic-light internationally instituted, for it renders scientific information on nutrition clear and accessible to the general population. We believe that using this guide as a central strategy in health promotion will lead its users to adopt essential changes in their eating patterns and, in so doing, contribute to prevent diseases associated to bad eating habits. We also emphasize the role of mass media in spreading the conveyed information.

In the Modern period we have only very limited historical study especially of the microlevel.  Such studies regarding many places in Kerala are getting to come. The study of nomenclature is very important part of micro level history; many historians tell that micro level studies regarding names enable us to understand the details history of that particular area. Many of the Indian historians wrote about excavation and expedition without concentrating minute issue like nomenclature. Recently modern historians gave explained on   minute level historical study.

Objective: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a molecular technique whose accuracy is determined by the choice of the target DNA and definition of the primers within the DNA sequence. Thus, we evaluate the performance of different genes specific for mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in sputum samples obtained from suspected cases of pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods: One hundred and fifty samples were processed for detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis by ZN smear examination, culture on LJ medium and PCR was performed with specific primers for the following targets IS6110, MPB64 and 38kDa. Results: Each PCR test was found to have a much higher sensitivity than conventional test. Among all gene targets tested, the primer specific for amplifying the 123bp of IS6110 gene and 240bp of MPB64 gene gave the highest sensitivity of 95.7% and 97.8% respectively and 419bp of 38kDa gene gave 93.47%. Conclusion: PCR has a great potential to improve the clinician ability to diagnose tuberculosis especially targeting MPB64 gene and IS6110 gene.

A diffusion absorption refrigerator is a heat (sun heat) powered refrigeration system. It can be operated without any use of electrical or mechanical energy. It has no moving parts. The working fluid is a three component mixture: ammonia as refrigerant, water as absorbent and helium as inert gas used to equalize the total pressure in the evaporator-absorber compartment. In the present work a model of each element in this machine is developed. The considered machine is intended to be used for air conditioning applications. The design cooling capacity of the investigated machine is 2 kW and the evaporator exit temperature is minus -5°C. The simulation model leads to results in fair agreement with the experimental data. The major performance determining operational parameters of the machine are: the generator temperature, the bubble pump exit void fraction, the evaporation mean temperature and the cooling medium mean temperature.

Background: Patients’ satisfaction and complication rates of removable partialdentures (RPDs) can affect patient acceptance and compliance in using RPDs. Aim: this study aims to determine complications and rate of failure of RPDs. Methodology: This study evaluated the complaint of 70 patients (42 males, 28 females), aged between 38-67 years, who were treated with acrylic removable partial denture and suffering from one or more problems related to failure of the RPD. Result: It was found that 25.7% of the subjects had complaint of their dentures being loose; 20% complained of ulceration around or under their appliances; 18.57% of patients had problem of pain and soreness. 7.14% of the patients had clasp fracture. 14.28% patients complained of deboned artificial teeth and fracture of denture base. Conclusion: Discomfort and Pain, denture related ulceration, loss of retention, fracture of artificial teeth and denture base are the main complications in patients having RPD.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the coverage of dalit issues in Kannada newspaper. This research proposes to know the major categories published in different newspapers, to examine the space given to dalit issues and to find out how dalits are portrayed in newspaper. The primary data was collected through the Content analyses method. The study included two newspapers Vijayavani and Vijayakarnataka for the period of three month i.e. January to March 2016. The newspapers were selected randomly on the basis of their highest circulation. The total sample size of the study is 90 issues, 45 issues from each newspaper. The findings of the study showed that the newspapers are giving more space to the political news and the advertisements. While comparing the selected newspaper were given less space to the dalit issues than other categories.

This conceptual article seeks to explore the leadership perspectives which can assist school leaders to enact moral purpose. Through a comprehensive exploration of a relevant literature, I propose a practical framework to guide the process of enacting moral purpose. In this analytical framework, I argue that moral, shared and collaborative leadership perspectives can assist in describing ways in which school leaders and other relevant stakeholders can pragmatically solve challenges of learner achievement and school improvement facing many South African schools. Although moral, shared and collaborative leadership perspectives are interrelated in practice, the interest they serve in the process of enacting moral purpose are distinct and different. Therefore, by conceptualising these three leadership perspectives, the article acknowledges the important role that individual actors ought to play in the enactment of moral purpose in order to improve learner achievement. Actors such as school leaders, teachers, learners and parents ought to position themselves at the nexus of school improvement by engaging in collaborative working arrangements, sharing leadership and building moral leadership capabilities.

Besides teaching, research has become a core function of universities around the world. Yet, like in many African countries, Kenyan universities still lag behind in terms of research productivity, due to factors many researchers refer to as constraints. This study which was conducted in the University of Nairobi sought to analyze constraints that influence research productivity in the university. Specific constraints that the study sought to analyze their impacts on research productivity included; resource constraints, institutional constraints, cultural constraints and other concepts and issues that impact on research productivity in the University of Nairobi. The study also sought to understand the respondents’ view on the overall status of research productivity in the University of Nairobi. Being the largest and the leading research university in the country, the researcher believed that the findings arising from the study of the University of Nairobi could appropriately be generalized to other universities in Kenya. The target populations of the study were the research personnel of the six colleges of the University of Nairobi. Data were collected by use of both open and closed ended questionnaires. The collected data were then analyzed and the findings presented by use of tables, graphs and charts. The study concluded that resource constraints, institutional constrains and cultural constraints have impact on the research productivity in the University of Nairobi. In the overall, the study established that research productivity in the University of Nairobi is at fair level. This view was overwhelmingly supported by the majority of respondents (62%). Other concepts and issues that were stated to have impact on research productivity included; lack of funds, poor management, lack of dissemination and implementation of research findings, inadequate materials and equipment, lack of incentives and rewards to researchers and sophisticated procurement procedures.