June 2016

Aim: To determine the various advancement in restorative composite materials Objective: This review aims towards the understanding of various restorative composite materials available commercially and also the advancement in it. Background: There is mercury present in the silver filling material, called amalgam, in the past century there has been no evidence showing that silver fillings are harmful to patients. But nowadays dentists doesn't use amalgam filling because of its various disadvantages like it can corrode over time, amalgam filling does not bond (hold together) with your tooth etc. Composite fillings are primarily a resin which has been "filled" with other inorganic materials. This compound makes a composite filling more resistant to wear, colour adjustable, and easier to polish. The various composite fillings used are microfilled composites, hybrid composites, nano filled composites. Reason: The reason for this study is to determine the various advancements in restorative materials.

Patients with complete dentures require unique considerations due to their compromised oral anatomy, reduced adaptive capacity, and systemic conditions that further affect denture retention and stability. The use of denture adhesives is common among denture wearers and is also prescribed by many dentists. Denture adhesives add to the retention, stability and thereby improve chewing ability, reduce any instability, provide comfort and eliminate the accumulation of food debris beneath the dentures. Denture adhesive is a material used to adhere a denture to the oral mucosa. In the oral cavity, with the presence of water from saliva, the materials swell and create an adhesion between the denture and the gingiva that improves the retention and stability on denture wearing patients. They also increase the patient’s sense of security and satisfaction.

Buerger’s disease is a chronic disorder, also known as Thrombo- AngitisObliterance (TAO). It is a nonatherosclerotic, segmental inflammatory disease that most commonly affects the smalland medium-sized arteries and veins in the upper and lower extremities. It frequently occurs in cigarette smokers. Poor hygiene, genetic factors, autonomic over-activity are other factors for this disease. Buerger’s disease presents with rest pain, intermittent claudication, discoloration and gangrene formation. Clinical features andangiographic finding are the basis of early diagnosis of TAO.Medical management in form of aspirin, pentoxyfyllineand verapamil increase pain-free walkingdistance in intermittent claudication, but long term usage fails to prevent disease progression in patients who continue to smoke.Surgical treatment in form of lumbar sympathectomy andomentopexy help reduce pain andpromote healing of trophic changes. Ayurveda the great science of life has elaborately described leech therapy (Jalaukavcharan) to remove vitiated doshas from affected organ. Leech therapy has its excellence by improving blood circulation through vasodilatation effect.

Cotton fabric was finished with lab prepared silicone finish (F1). It was developed and applied on cotton fabric by pad-dry-cure method for enhancing water absorbency and antibacterial activity. Untreated (F0) and treated (F1) cotton fabric samples were tested for water absorbency using water drop put on the fabrics and recorded the absorption time, by standard test method AATCC Test Method 79-2007 and the antibacterial activity against staphylococcus aureus by AATCC test method 90-2011. Physical properties: stiffness, crease recovery angle and tensile strength were also evaluated. FTIR spectroscopy was also analyzed which interpreted the chemical structure of the substance consequently identification of its functional group. Result showed that the FTIR was ensure the presence of silicones on the lab prepared silicone finished (F1) fabrics and the water absorbency and antibacterial efficacy of the lab prepared silicone finish (F1) on cotton was more than unfinished (F0) fabric. Thus, silicone provides higher functionality to cotton fabric.

The study investigated the "effect of instructional materials on senior secondary students' achievement in Economics. The study adopted the quasi-experimental design in the sense that the subjects were not randomly assigned into groups. The simple random sampling technique was used to obtain the sampled schools. Sixty (60) students consisting of 30 assigned to experimental group and 30 were assigned to the control group. Intact classes of SS II economics students from schools in Pankshin local government area of Plateau state. The instrument used for the collection of data for the study was titled: "Economics Objective Achievement Test" (EOAT).which was developed by the researcher. The instrument was validated by three experts; One in Economics and two from measurement and evaluation who validated the instrument in term of clarity, content and coverage. The reliability of the instrument was determined using the Kuder-Richardson (K-R 20) which yielded a reliability co-efficient of 0.76. The mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions while the t-test statistics was used to test the hypothesis at 0.05 level of significance. The findings revealed that the cognitive constructivist model was better than the conventional method in enhancing students’ achievement in economics. Thus, economics teachers should be trained on how to employ this teaching model to improve the quality of economics instruction for better performance of students' in both internal and external examinations in economics

Insurance is playing a major role in every individual and business life. Insurance is the one which gives the security for the existing status and protects from the uncertainty of expected outcome. The entire world becomes a small village due to the Globalization and Liberalization which made tremendous changes in the General insurance in India. There are many companies are entering into the Indian insurance industry and there by increased the competition. In this connection it is the big task to the General insurers to give innovative and customized new Insurance products to the customers. But more than that it is very essential and complex task to the Insurers is to Create Awareness to the customers regarding their insurance products. Product awareness in the customers which determines the success of the firm and fulfills their purpose of existence. The present paper attempts to identify customers awareness on the general insurance products, sources for insurance awareness, Impact of Customers Awareness on buying behavior of general insurance product among the Small Scale entrepreneurs were analyzed with a sample respondents of 304 from Chittoor District, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Background: The experience of work stress can cause unusual and dysfunctional behaviour at work and contribute to poor physical and mental health. No job is immune from stress, but for the law enforcement officer, the strains and tensions experienced at work are unique, often extreme, and sometimes unavoidable. The study was intended to explore the workplace stressors responsible for stress among police officers working in Karachi which is a Cosmopolitan City of Pakistan. Material and Methods: This descriptive cross sectional study was conducted among police officers working at selected police stations from all zones of Karachi, Pakistan. A sample of 146 police officers was selected through random sampling. Data were collected through a structured adopted self-administered questionnaire and analyzed using IBM SPSS version 18. Results: The mean ± SD age of study respondents was 35 ± 5 years. The mean ± SD duration of marriage was 10.56 ± 5.44 years. Majority (85%) belonged to middle socio-economic class. Significant positive relationship has been found between the Job Demand and Stress(correlation coefficient = 0.961, sig at p < 0.01), Job Control and Stress (correlation coefficient = 0.937, sig at p < 0.01), Relationship issues and Stress (correlation coefficient = 0.939, sig at p < 0.01), Role uncertainty/Conflict and Stress (correlation coefficient = 0.939, sig at p < 0.01), Change and Stress (correlation coefficient = 0.898, sig at p < 0.01), and Lack of support and Stress (correlation coefficient = 0.939, sig at p < 0.01). Conclusion: The current study concludes that the stress in police officers (assumed dependent variable) was highly correlated with the independent variables like Job demand, Control over one’s job, relationship with in and outside the organization, role uncertainty and conflicts, changing environment with rapid pace and the lack of support for a police officer in his office, peer, family and the society.