Physical Sciences and Engineering

Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) are a special form of wireless networks made by vehicles communicating among themselves on roads which includes communications among vehicles and between vehicles and road side units. However, due to the high mobility and the frequent changes of the network topology, the communication links are highly vulnerable to disconnection in VANETs. This paper extend the well-known ad hoc on-demand distance vector (AODV) routing protocol with evolving graph theory to propose reliable routing protocol EG-RAODV.

Des échantillons de Pb(X0.20,Ti0.80)O3 (X= Lanthane, Magnésium, Manganèse, Calcium, Cuivre, Bismuth et Vanadium) ont été élaborés par la voie solide conventionnelle. Les températures de calcination, pour les différents échantillons élaborés, ont été choisies dans l’intervalle [800 °C, 900 °C]. La durée de calcination a été de 4 heures. La caractérisation par spectroscopie de diffraction des rayons X montre l’effet de l’élément dopant sur la phase cristalline, la température de calcination et la taille des cristallites des poudres fines élaborées.

Ceramic powders of lead titanate, co- doped with copper (Pb0.9Cu0.1TiO3) and cobalt or zinc, of a perovskite structure were prepared by the sol-gel process by adopting the mode of the destabilization of colloidal solution. The effect of temperature and dopants on the structure of the obtained samples was studied by X-ray diffraction (RX), Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Analysis of the samples with fluorescence spectroscopy shows that Zn simultaneously occupies the sites A (Cu) and B (Ti) of the structure, creating oxygen vacancies.

Multilevel inverter is a very popular in various fields like FACTS devices,HVDC systems, industrial drives,photovoltaic systems etc. It has a large number of advantages like low stress on switches,lower harmonics,low switching losses etc. There are different topologies available like neutral point or diode clamped inverter, flying capacitor inverter etc. each having numerous disadvantages and advantages. The efficiency of this inverter is greatly improved by minimising the number of switches of the configuration used.

Let G = (V,E) be a graph with p vertices and q edges. A Extended Mean Cordial Labeling of a Graph G with vertex set V is a bijection from V to {0, 1,2} such that each edge uv is assigned the label ( (⌈f(u)+f(v))⌉)⁄2 where ⌈ x ⌉ is the least integer greater than or equal to x with the condition that the number of vertices labeled with 0 and the number of vertices labeled with 1 differ by at most 1 and the number of edges labeled with 0 and the number of edges labeled with 1 differ by at most 1. The graph that admits a Extended Mean Cordial Labeling is called Extended Mean Cordial Graph.

This study demonstrates the efficiency of the multi-component induction tool (3DEX) that simultaneously measures the vertical and horizontal resistivity of the formation, by presenting a comparative petrophysical evaluation of thinly bedded reservoirs using Conventional logs and 3DEX data acquired from two different fields of which one is an oil-bearing reservoir formation from Olu field in the Niger Delta province and the other is a gas-bearing reservoir formation from Balda field in North Sea.

The objective of this study measured the level of satisfaction of festival participants through the festival visitors’ consideration. In other words, this study wanted to find out how the visitors’ considerable factors from the festival participation affect the satisfaction. This study was performed during the festival period (for 24days starting April 24, 2015) in order to analysis about the participational visitors’ motivation and satisfaction of Gwangju Royal Ceramics Festival.

The exact mechanism of mental fatigue is still not well understood even with the long history of neuroscience and psychology. It is said a human being undergoes mental fatigue when he or she just had a prolonged session of focusing on particular sustained attention task and this could particularly dangerous for certain tasks such as driving. Directed Attention Fatigue (DAF) is caused by an identified mechanic and was described a tug of war between bottom up attention mode and top down attention mode where DAF will cause decrease focus on the task on hand.

In this work, a novel hybrid method for the solutions of system of ordinary differential equations is presented here.The method creates trial solutions in genetic programming on grammatical evolution.The trial solutions are enhanced periodically using a local optimization procedure.

The aim of this research work, focus meteorological data to analyses the monsoon seasons between twelve months to cluster the weather data based on Longitudinal and Latitudinal which can be used to analyze by the collection of Temperature, Humidity, Rainfall and Cyclone. In this research, Naïve Bayes Classification can be predicted the Meteorological condition of the region based on the cyclone and the humidity level in seasonally. It provides specific services for assessment of pollution impacts from various industries and thermal power plants.