June 2024

The traditional culture of a country is the material and spiritual values accumulated and preserved throughout the entire historical process of formation and development of that country. Culture is both a goal and a spiritual foundation to promote socio-economic development, ensuring the connection between people and between people and society. Vietnamese traditional cultureis an invaluable assetcreated by the community of Vietnamese peoples in the process of building and defending the country; is the thread that binds the ethnic community, the basis for creating new values and cultural exchange; is the foundation for molding the cultural identity and value system of the nation's culture, and is a resource for development.In the context of international integration, the work of preserving and promoting traditional cultural values in Vietnam has extremely important practical significance. In the rule of law regime, law is a commonly used and effective method. Therefore, Vietnam needs to build and improve the legal system in general, and the cultural law in particular, ensuring the promotion of traditional cultural values, considering them as the driving force and core goal to preserve, build and develop the country's culture.

Objectives: To conduct a detailed analysis of the relationships between student worries and psychological distress within the College of Medical Sciences. Designs and Methods: A convenience sampling technique was used to select participants who provided consent before answering a questionnaire. All participating students were legally eligible. Demographic data collection included age, residence and sex. The study used a modified Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale to evaluate students' well-being, mental health, concerns, medication usage, and coping strategies. Results: There was a significant association between Mental health status based on Warwick-Edinburgh Mental well-being groups and interference with Daily Living Activities and University Studies (X² = 26.497, df=1, p< 0.001). An odds ratio showed those who reported interference with daily living activities and University studies due to worry were four times more likely to experience psychological distress than their counterparts (OR: 3.6517 95 %, CI:2.207- 6.042, Z statistic: 5.041, Significance level P < 0.0001). A Chi-squared test found that there is a significant association between Mental health status and Student requests for support from Academic staff among College of Medical Science students. (X² = 9.760, df=1, p< 0.002). The Shapiro-Wilks test found the Warwick-Edinburgh mental health and well-being scores to be normally distributed; Test statistic W= 0.993, df: 289, p-value: 0.175. An independent samples T-test showed a significant difference between the mean scores on the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale for those who reported interference with daily living activities due to worry. The effect size is large (d=0.838). The 95% confidence interval for the difference of the means ranged from 3.3 to 5.87. Conclusion: These findings collectively underscore the intricate relationships between mental health, academic challenges, and the seeking of support among College of Medical Science students. The results align with existing research, contributing to a deeper understanding of the nuanced factors influencing mental well-being within this academic context.

Le présent document porte sur la construction sociale des inégalités de genre dans l'accès et le contrôle de la terre dans la commune rurale de Komsilga au Burkina Faso. Il met en évidence les obstacles auxquels les femmes sont confrontées dans l'accès à la terre, malgré leur contribution significative aux activités agricoles. L'accès des femmes à la terre est inégalitaire par rapport aux hommes en termes de qualité, de nature et de proportion des terres auxquelles elles ont réellement accès. De plus, la possession de terres par les femmes est rare et difficile en raison de facteurs socio-économiques et culturels. Ces inégalités d'accès et de contrôle de la terre entre hommes et femmes sont liées à des enjeux de pouvoir pour le contrôle des ressources matérielles et symboliques. La recherche vise à mieux comprendre les causes de ces inégalités de genre dans l'accès et le contrôle de la terre par les femmes. La première partie du document présente le cadre théorique et méthodologique de la recherche, tandis que la deuxième partie présente les résultats de l'étude, notamment les pratiques en matière d'accès et de contrôle de la terre, les justifications sociales de ces inégalités et les actions proposées pour améliorer l'accès des femmes à la terre.

Gandhiji views education as playing a vital role in the reconstruction of Indian society. According to him, education is defined as a technique of transmitting civilization. The etymological meaning of education is to bring out inside to outside, to make inner capabilities of a man to be fully expressed. Accordingly, the function of education is to draw out rather than to put in. Education is the art of developing and enhancing the cultivation of various physical, mental and moral powers of the learner. It is taken as a process, not as a product. It is a life-long process that starts from birth and continues till death. There are different types of education, formal and informal. Formal education is deliberately and consciously planned and its curriculum is carefully designed and goals are pre-determined. For instance, the education provided in the institutions like schools, colleges and universities is called formal education. But the education which is generally received by living and communicating with others is called informal education. Informal education may or may not be provided consciously or deliberately. When formal education has a fixed course of study, informal education has no such.

Corundum of semi precious gem variety occurs within the hydrothermally altered metaultramafites in the retrograde metamorphic terrain of kannur district along the north eastern part of kerala. Samples of semi-translucent to opaque nature with red to crimson red colour are studied through advanced spectroscopic techniques namely FTIR, Raman, Photoluminescence, UV-Visible and SEM-EDAX. Spectroscopic studies coupled with Geochemical perspective indicates the presence of considerable concentration of Cr2+ accompanied by more or less equal amounts of Ti2+, V2+ and Ga2+, along with other ions. A gemmological appraisal is carried out correlating the presence Cr2+ content and the absence of much OH associated impurities in them. Distinctive absorbance peaks of corundum corresponding to the Fe as well as Cr chromophores and typical emittance peaks with a greater magnitude indicating the prominence of Cr chromophores in the samples as evident from its colour is observed from the UV-Visible and the Photoluminescence spectrum respectively. The FT-IR spectrum shows the absence of much hydroxylated ions and the Raman spectrum substantiates it with the explicit presence of the peaks corresponding to the Raman active vibrational modes in corundum, which resulted in the diaphenity of the samples positively.

This paper explores the impact of cell technology advancements on minimally invasive spondylodesis for lumbar spine degenerative-dystrophic conditions. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials from the last decade, comparing the efficacy and safety of innovative cell-based therapies with traditional surgical techniques. The focus was on stem cell applications and tissue-engineering approaches integrated into spondylodesis, aimed at enhancing osteogenesis and reducing recovery times.Data were sourced from randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, and case reports, offering a robust evaluation of the outcomes. The results indicate that cell technology significantly shortens recovery periods and increases the success rates of spinal fusions, as demonstrated by improved pain management and enhanced mobility. Furthermore, the incidence of complications like graft rejection and infections was lower in procedures augmented by cell technologies.Our findings advocate for the expanded use of cell technology in orthopedic surgery, especially for treating spinal conditions. They also highlight the need for standardized protocols and further studies to optimize these interventions and ensure sustained patient benefits. Through these technological advancements, minimally invasive spondylodesis can achieve greater effectiveness and reliability, significantly improving patient outcomes in orthopedic care.

Cet article cherche à analyser de manière critique les politiques économiques menées et les résultats escomptés en République Démocratique du Congo sur une période de 47 ans soit de 1970 à 2016. Ainsi, le carré magique de Nicolas Kaldor a permis d’apprécier les performances économiques enregistrées au cours de la période sous examen en identifiant les défis leur inclusivité. La recherche a recouru à la méthode quantitative mobilisant les outils économétriques notamment la modélisation var Cointégration et l’approche analytique du Carré magique de Kaldor. Les résultats suivants ont été dégagés : la croissance économique de la RDC reste exclusive en raison du niveau inférieur du taux de croissance moyen de la période par rapport au taux requis (soit 1,01% contre 4,22%) pour maintenir ou baisser le taux de chômage tenant compte d’un taux moyen de croissance de la population active de 3% et 89% du chômage naturel. De même, cette nature exclusive de sa croissance économique est due au caractère structurel de la précarité de masse, des niveaux défavorables des indices tels que : l’indice d’inclusion sociale, l’indice de bonne gouvernance, l’indice de violences civiles et protestations, l’indice de corruption, l’indice de pauvreté, l’indice d’accès aux services de base, l’indice de durcissement du régime politique, l’indice de diversification et compétitivité et l’indice des inégalités. Et les différentes crises macroéconomiques et sociales tirent leurs racines profondes dans l’instabilité politique et conflits armés. L’application du Carré magique de Kaldor au cas de laRépubliqueDémocratique du Congo a révélé trois sous périodes : de 1970 à 2016, la croissance économique est restée exogène au sens du modèle de (Solow, 1956) ; de 1970 à 1989, le cadre macroéconomique congolais a été marqué par la stagflation au sens de (Friedman, 1956) et (Hayek, 1935) alors que la sous période de 2010 à 2016, la situation macroéconomique de la RDC a enregistrée une croissance molle au sens de (Fitoussi, 1996). Par conséquent, les autorités congolaises ont privilégié la maitrise de l’inflation par rapport aux autres objectifs de la politique économique par un activisme de la politique budgétaire contre la politique monétaire prise comme politique d’accompagnement.