Objective: take stock of the morbidity of otolaryngological emergency in Brazzaville; explain our therapeutic attitudes and our results. Patients and methods: This was a descriptive, retrospective study of 5 years including all the patients followed in the otolaryngological department of the Talangaï reference hospital for emergency pathology. The medical records allowed the collection of epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic data. The comparison of the quantitative variables was made by the Student test. The significance threshold was set at p <0.05. Results: a total of 297 patients with otolaryngological emergencies were collected, representing a prevalence of 4% of all otolaryngological and head and neck pathology. The average age was 18 with a ratio of 2.3 in favor of men. The average consultation time was 4 hours and the main signs were hemorrhages in the otolaryngological cavity (42.8%) followed by dysphagia following foreign bodies from the esophagus (27.3%). But laryngeal and tracheal dyspneas were rare (1.3%). All the patients were hospitalized in emergency and the evolution was favorable in the patients who had consulted within less than 6 hours (P = 0.00019). Conclusion: otolaryngological emergency are the prerogative of the young male subject. Patient survival depends on the consultation period because hemorrhages, severe infectious conditions, laryngeal and tracheal dyspneas require rapid treatment to begin before a period of 12 hours.
