This study investigated The object of our study is to examine the relationship between absenteeism and school failure. It concerns a sample composed of 50 4th graders from the Lycée Moderne de Cocody Angré. This sample is obtained from the method or sample technique by reasoned and criterion-based choice. These students were submitted to a questionnaire to assess their level of absenteeism. The results show that the average rate of absenteeism obtained by the subjects who fail without a diploma is significantly higher than that of the subjects who fail with a diploma. Consequently, we can say that absentee students without a diploma experience a higher failure situation than absentee subjects with a diploma. These results support our hypothesis.