Objetivo: Determinar si es mejor la eficacia de las férulas de compresión neumática en comparación con las medias compresivas para prevenir la trombosis venosa profunda (TVP) en pacientes del Centro Médico Naval. Método: Esta investigación fue de tipo observacional, retrospectiva y transversal; la muestra comprendió a 86 casos que recibieron atención en las especialidades de cirugía, medicina interna, hematoncológica y ortopedia en 2018; las variables empleadas fueron: 1) Trombosis venosa profunda (TVP); 2) Método de profilaxis (medias de comprensión, férula de compresión neumática); se realizó un análisis descriptivo con frecuencias simples y análisis correlacional a fin de determinar la efectividad de los métodos de profilaxis. Resultados: 57 casos (66.3%) utilizaron la media de compresión, mientras que 29 casos (33.7%) utilizaron la férula neumática. Asimismo, 17 casos (19.8%) presentaron TVP, mientras que 69 casos (80.2%) no. Por medio de la medida de asociación de riesgo relativo, se encontró que la media de compresión presentó 1.280 más de probabilidad de incidencia de TVP con respecto de la férula neumática. Conclusiones: La probabilidad de asociación entre la media de compresión y la incidencia de TVP aporta evidencia para considerar que la media de compresión presenta menor efectividad en profilaxis de TVP.
Eficacia de medias compresivas y dispositivo de compresión neumática en prevención de trombosis venosa profunda
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Paper No:
2878