Introduction: Nanofilled glass ionomer cementemerged as a new generation of dental materials, which mineralizes gradually into fluorapatite to improve the compressive strength and wear resistanceof class II restorations in primary molars. The purpose of this study wasto evaluate clinically the effectiveness of glass carbomer cement with surface coatas class II restorations in primary molars in comparison to both of Ketac N 100 glass ionomer cement with surface coat and conventional glass ionomer cement with surface coat (Equia Fill). Materials and methods: This randomized controlled clinical trial includeda sample of 117 children were selected with an age range of 4-7 years, having class II carious primary molars scoring 3, 4 or 5 (ICDAS II).They were randomly equally allocated into three groups according to the restorative material used. Group I (test): teeth were restored with glass carbomer cement, Group II( test):teeth wererestored with Ketac N 100 glass ionomer cement and Group III (control):teeth wererestored with (Equia Fill). Clinical evaluation was performed at baseline, 6 and 12 months. Results: Nano filled GICs( Ketac N & glass carbomer cement) showed significant higherretention rate and durabilitythan Equiafill GIC at three examination times (baseline, 6 and 12 months)P<0.0001.Regarding theeffect of the restorations on periodontal health there were statistically significant difference between the three study groups at baseline and 6 months P<0.0001. No statistically significant differenceswere found between three study groups at 12 months P =0.02. Conclusion: Nanofilled GICs were more effective in restoring class II cavities in primary molars as well ashaving better consequential effect on the periodontal health compared to the conventional GICs.
