Introduction: This research examines the Santhal tribe of India while exploring their cultural and sociological patterns with indigenous populations from countries within South and Southeast Asia which include Nepal, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam. Objectives: This research objective evaluates common traditions within these groups along with their oral storytelling, farming activities and religious beliefs and their ecological stewardship. The ethnographic research compared different cultural groups through qualitative analysis of data that included literature review findings and interview and observational data to find common patterns between cultures and their resilience measures. Discussion: The study shows that community structures alongside sustainable resource management alongside traditional beliefs formed a common cultural value system to protect the environment. The exchange analyzes both the difficulties that globalization along with modernization creates by causing displacement and cultural erosion and shows indigenous adaptability and cultural blending to sustain their traditions. Conclusion: The study demonstrates that indigenous tribes provide essential knowledge about sustainable practices and biodiversity protection and cultural unity which should be integrated into worldwide sustainability systems. Researchers and officials handling environmental advoccacy and cultural protection can use this study as their reference point.
