Tumour Necrosis Factor Receptor-Associated Periodic Syndrome (TRAPS) is a rare autosomal dominant autoinflammatory disorder and the symptoms include recurrent fevers, significant multisystem involvement and systemic inflammation. (1)The physical symptoms of TRAPS, such as abdominal pain, arthralgia, and skin rashes, are well known but its impact on neurodevelopmental and behavioural outcomes is less understood. This case report presents a twelve-year-old male child diagnosed with TRAPS presenting with difficulties in attention, emotional dysregulation, and frustration, especially in academic settings. The patient is verbally expressive but struggles with writing and reading, requiring additional support during tests. Physical symptoms of TRAPS and well managed with canakinumab, though behavioural and cognitive challenges persist. Long-term neurodevelopmental impact of TRAPS is not well known and further research is necessary to understand how chronic inflammation and recurrent symptoms affect cognitive and emotional development.
